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Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

The patella-femoral joint is at the front of the knee joint, and its important in how we walk and allows us to effectively straighten our leg.

The position of the patella (our kneecap) is dependent on muscle balance and the alignment of your leg. When this muscle balance isn’t correct for the patello-femoral joint it can cause pain when we do certain activities.

Meniscal Tears

The are two main types of cartilage in the knee joint. Articular cartilage covers the joint surfaces of the femur and the tibia. This is designed to protect the bony surfaces in the joint and to help with joint movement.

Meniscal cartilage forms to rings in the medial and lateral compartments of the knee joint. It is designed to act as a shock absorber when we put weight through are knee. Damage to the meniscal cartilage can cause pain, decreased range of movement or locked-knee.

Ligament Tears of the Knee

Your knee is very mobile when moving forwards and backwards, however it is not designed to move from side-to-side. In order to help prevent these types of movements, the medial and lateral collateral ligaments provide support to the inside and outside of the knee joint.

To prevent the tibia (shin bone) moving forward or backwards during movement, the ACL and PCL ligaments provide support from inside the knee joint. Excess force in the wrong direction can strain or tear these ligaments, resulting in pain or instability at the knee.

FAQ

You may need a scan if you experienced your knee injury through some form of trauma or sporting injury. This scan will be to determine if there has been damage to any important ligaments or the cartilage inside your knee. Your physiotherapist will be able to guide you on whether this is appropriate and can help you to organise a referral. In a large majority of cases, scans are not required as a thorough physical assessment can tell us a lot about the condition of your knee.

In most cases, yes. Injuries to the knee are often very treatable with physiotherapy. Your physiotherapist will be able to assess your knee to determine the true cause of your knee pain, and then will come up with a treatment plan for you. Most knee injuries should improve within 12 weeks with the correct treatment plan, but your physiotherapist will be able to give you a more specific timeline for your injury. Some sports or traumatic injuries may require surgical intervention, depending on your presentation, but your physiotherapist will guide on whether this is required or not.

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